Lab answer key: Using PowerShell pipeline

Exercise 1: Selecting, sorting, and displaying data

Task 1: Display the current day of the year

On LON-CL1, select Start, and then enter powersh.
In the search results, right-click Windows PowerShell or activate its context menu, and then select Run as administrator.
In the Administrator: Windows PowerShell window, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
help *date* 
```
Note: Notice the Get-Date command.
In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
Get-Date | Get-Member
```
Note: Notice the DayOfYear property.
In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
Get-Date | Select-Object –Property DayOfYear
```
In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
Get-Date | Select-Object -Property DayOfYear | fl
```

Task 2: Display information about installed hotfixes

In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
Get-Command *hotfix* 
```
Note: Notice the Get-Hotfix command.
In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
Get-Hotfix | Get-Member 
```
Note: The properties of the Hotfix object display. If needed, run Get-Hotfix to review some of the values that typically display in those properties.

In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:

 Get-Hotfix | Select-Object –Property HotFixID,InstalledOn,InstalledBy

In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:

Get-Hotfix | Select-Object –Property HotFixID,@{n='HotFixAge';e={(New-TimeSpan -Start $PSItem.InstalledOn).Days}},InstalledBy

Task 3: Display a list of available scopes from the DHCP server

In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
help *scope* 
```
Note: Notice the Get-DHCPServerv4Scope command.
In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
Help Get-DHCPServerv4Scope –ShowWindow 
```
Note: Notice the available parameters.
Close the Get-DHCPServerv4Scope window.
In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
Get-DHCPServerv4Scope –ComputerName LON-DC1
```

In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:

Get-DHCPServerv4Scope –ComputerName LON-DC1 | Select-Object –Property ScopeId,SubnetMask,Name | fl

Task 4: Display a sorted list of enabled Windows Firewall rules

In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
   help *rule* 
```
Note: Notice the Get-NetFirewallRule command.
In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
   Get-NetFirewallRule 
```
In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
   Help Get-NetFirewallRule –ShowWindow
```
Close the Get-NetFirewallRule Help window.
In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
   Get-NetFirewallRule –Enabled True
```
In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
   Get-NetFirewallRule –Enabled True | Format-Table -wrap
```

In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:

   Get-NetFirewallRule –Enabled True | Select-Object –Property DisplayName,Profile,Direction,Action | Sort-Object –Property Profile, DisplayName | ft -GroupBy Profile

Task 5: Display a sorted list of network neighbors

In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
   help *neighbor*  
```
Note: Notice the Get-NetNeighbor command.
In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
   help Get-NetNeighbor –ShowWindow
```
Close the Get-NetNeighbor Help window.
In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
   Get-NetNeighbor
```
In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
   Get-NetNeighbor | Sort-Object –Property State
```

In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:

   Get-NetNeighbor | Sort-Object –Property State | Select-Object –Property IPAddress,State | Format-Wide -GroupBy State -AutoSize

Task 6: Display information from the DNS name resolution cache

In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
   Test-NetConnection LON-DC1
```
In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
   help *cache* 
```
Note: Notice the Get-DnsClientCache command.
In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
   Get-DnsClientCache
```
In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
   Get-DnsClientCache | Select Name,Type,TimeToLive | Sort Name | Format-List
```
Note: Notice that the Type data doesn’t return what you might expect; for example, A and CNAME. Instead, it returns raw numerical data. Each number maps directly to a record type, and you can filter for those types when you know the map: 1= A, 5 = CNAME, and so on. Later in this module, you’ll learn how to add more filters to determine the numbers and their corresponding record types. You’ll notice a similar situation for other returned data, such as Status data.
Close all open windows.

Exercise 1 results

After completing this exercise, you should have produced several custom reports that contain management information from your environment.

Exercise 2: Filtering objects

Task 1: Display a list of all the users in the Users container of Active Directory

On LON-CL1, select Start, and then enter PowerShell.
In the search results, right-click Windows PowerShell or activate its context menu, and then select Run as administrator.
In the Administrator: Windows PowerShell window, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
help *user*
```
Note: Notice the Get-ADUser command.
In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
Get-Help Get-ADUser –ShowWindow
```
Note: Notice that the -Filter parameter is mandatory. Review the examples for the command.
Close the Get-ADUser Help window.
In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
Get-ADUser –Filter * | ft
```
In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
Get-ADUser –Filter * -SearchBase "cn=Users,dc=Adatum,dc=com" | ft
```

Task 2: Create a report displaying the Security event log entries that have the event ID 4624

In the Administrator: Windows PowerShell window, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
Get-EventLog -LogName Security | 
Where EventID -eq 4624 | Measure-Object | fw
```

In the console, enter the following command and then press the Enter key:

Get-EventLog -LogName Security | 
Where EventID -eq 4624 | 
Select TimeWritten,EventID,Message

In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:

Get-EventLog -LogName Security | 
Where EventID -eq 4624 | 
Select TimeWritten,EventID,Message -Last 10 | fl

Task 3: Display a list of the encryption certificates installed on the computer

In the Administrator: Windows PowerShell window, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
Get-ChildItem -Path CERT: -Recurse
```
In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
Get-ChildItem -Path CERT: -Recurse | 
Get-Member
```

In the console window, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key.

Get-ChildItem -Path CERT: -Recurse | 
Where HasPrivateKey -eq $False | Select-Object -Property FriendlyName,Issuer | fl

or:

Get-ChildItem -Path CERT: -Recurse | 
Where { $PSItem.HasPrivateKey -eq $False } | Select-Object -Property FriendlyName,Issuer | fl

In the console window, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key.

Get-ChildItem -Path CERT: -Recurse | 
Where { $PSItem.HasPrivateKey -eq $False -and $PSItem.NotAfter -gt (Get-Date) -and $PSItem.NotBefore -lt (Get-Date) } | Select-Object -Property NotBefore,NotAfter, FriendlyName,Issuer | ft -wrap

Task 4: Create a report of the disk volumes that are running low on space

In the Administrator: Windows PowerShell window, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
Get-Volume
```
Note: If you didn’t know the command name, you could have run Help *volume* to discover it.
In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
Get-Volume | Get-Member
```
Note: Notice the SizeRemaining property.
In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
Get-Volume | Where-Object { $PSItem.SizeRemaining -gt 0 } | fl
```

In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:

Get-Volume | Where-Object { $PSItem.SizeRemaining -gt 0 -and $PSItem.SizeRemaining / $PSItem.Size -lt .99 }| Select-Object DriveLetter, @{n='Size';e={'{0:N2}' -f ($PSItem.Size/1MB)}}

In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
Get-Volume | Where-Object { $PSItem.SizeRemaining -gt 0 -and $PSItem.SizeRemaining / $PSItem.Size -lt .1 }
```
Note: This command might not produce any output on your lab computer if the computer has more than 10 percent free space on each of its volumes.

Task 5: Create a report that displays specified Control Panel items

In the Administrator: Windows PowerShell window, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
help *control* 
```
Note: Notice the Get-ControlPanelItem command.
In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
Get-ControlPanelItem 
```
In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:
```
Get-ControlPanelItem –Category 'System and Security' | Sort Name
```
Note: Notice that you don’t have to use Where-Object.

In the console, enter the following command, and then press the Enter key:

Get-ControlPanelItem -Category 'System and Security' | Where-Object -FilterScript {-not ($PSItem.Category -notlike '*System and Security*')} | Sort Name

Exercise 2 results

After completing this exercise, you should have used filtering to produce lists of management information that include only specified data and elements.