Recognize and synthesize speech

Azure AI Speech is a service that provides speech-related functionality, including:

A speech-to-text API that enables you to implement speech recognition (converting audible spoken words into text).
A text-to-speech API that enables you to implement speech synthesis (converting text into audible speech).

In this exercise, you’ll use both of these APIs to implement a speaking clock application.

[!NOTE] This exercise requires that you are using a computer with speakers/headphones. For the best experience, a microphone is also required. Some hosted virtual environments may be able to capture audio from your local microphone, but if this doesn’t work (or you don’t have a microphone at all), you can use a provided audio file for speech input. Follow the instructions carefully, as you’ll need to choose different options depending on whether you are using a microphone or the audio file.

Clone the repository for this course

If you have not already cloned AI-102-AIEngineer code repository to the environment where you’re working on this lab, follow these steps to do so. Otherwise, open the cloned folder in Visual Studio Code.

Start Visual Studio Code.
Open the palette (SHIFT+CTRL+P) and run a Git: Clone command to clone the https://github.com/MicrosoftLearning/AI-102-AIEngineer repository to a local folder (it doesn’t matter which folder).
When the repository has been cloned, open the folder in Visual Studio Code.
Wait while additional files are installed to support the C# code projects in the repo.

[!NOTE] If you are prompted to add required assets to build and debug, select Not Now.

Provision an Azure AI Speech resource

If you don’t already have on in your subscription, you’ll need to provision a Azure AI Speech service resource.

Open the Azure portal at https://portal.azure.com, and sign in using the Microsoft account associated with your Azure subscription.
Enter Azure AI in the search field at the top of the portal. Then select Azure AI services in the suggestions dropdown that appears.
Select Create under Speech service in the results page.
Create a resource with the following settings:
- Subscription: Your Azure subscription
- Resource group: Choose or create a resource group (if you are using a restricted subscription, you may not have permission to create a new resource group - use the one provided)
- Region: Choose any available region
- Name: Enter a unique name
- Pricing tier: Standard S0
Select Review + Create, then select Create.
Wait for deployment to complete, and then view the deployment details.
When the resource has been deployed, go to it and view its Keys and Endpoint page. You will need one of the keys and the location in which the service is provisioned from this page in the next procedure.

Prepare to use the Azure AI Speech service

In this exercise, you’ll complete a partially implemented client application that uses the Azure AI Speech SDK to recognize and synthesize speech.

[!NOTE] You can choose to use the SDK for either C# or Python. In the steps below, perform the actions appropriate for your preferred language.

In Visual Studio Code, in the Explorer pane, browse to the 07-speech folder and expand the C-Sharp or Python folder depending on your language preference.
Right-click the speaking-clock folder and open an integrated terminal. Then install the Speech SDK package by running the appropriate command for your language preference:

C#
```
 dotnet add package Microsoft.CognitiveServices.Speech --version 1.30.0
```
Python
```
 pip install azure-cognitiveservices-speech==1.30.0
```
View the contents of the speaking-clock folder, and note that it contains a file for configuration settings:
- C#: appsettings.json
- Python: .env
Open the configuration file and update the configuration values it contains to include an authentication key for Azure AI Speech resource, and the location where it is deployed. Save your changes.
Note that the speaking-clock folder contains a code file for the client application:
- C#: Program.cs
- Python: speaking-clock.py
Open the code file and at the top, under the existing namespace references, find the comment Import namespaces. Then, under this comment, add the following language-specific code to import the namespaces you will need to use the Azure AI Speech SDK:

C#
```
 // Import namespaces
 using Microsoft.CognitiveServices.Speech;
 using Microsoft.CognitiveServices.Speech.Audio;
```
Python
```
 # Import namespaces
 import azure.cognitiveservices.speech as speech_sdk
```

In the Main function, note that code to load the service key and region from the configuration file has already been provided. You must use these variables to create a SpeechConfig for your Azure AI Speech resource. Add the following code under the comment Configure speech service:

 // Configure speech service
 speechConfig = SpeechConfig.FromSubscription(cogSvcKey, cogSvcRegion);
 Console.WriteLine("Ready to use speech service in " + speechConfig.Region);
    
 // Configure voice
 speechConfig.SpeechSynthesisVoiceName = "en-US-AriaNeural";

Python

 # Configure speech service
 speech_config = speech_sdk.SpeechConfig(cog_key, cog_region)
 print('Ready to use speech service in:', speech_config.region)

Save your changes and return to the integrated terminal for the speaking-clock folder, and enter the following command to run the program:

C#
```
 dotnet run
```
Python
```
 python speaking-clock.py
```
If you are using C#, you can ignore any warnings about using the await operator in asynchronous methods - we’ll fix that later. The code should display the region of the speech service resource the application will use.

Recognize speech

Now that you have a SpeechConfig for the speech service in your Azure AI Speech resource, you can use the Speech-to-text API to recognize speech and transcribe it to text.

If you have a working microphone

In the Main function for your program, note that the code uses the TranscribeCommand function to accept spoken input.

In the TranscribeCommand function, under the comment Configure speech recognition, add the appropriate code below to create a SpeechRecognizer client that can be used to recognize and transcribe speech using the default system microphone:

 // Configure speech recognition
 using AudioConfig audioConfig = AudioConfig.FromDefaultMicrophoneInput();
 using SpeechRecognizer speechRecognizer = new SpeechRecognizer(speechConfig, audioConfig);
 Console.WriteLine("Speak now...");

Python

 # Configure speech recognition
 audio_config = speech_sdk.AudioConfig(use_default_microphone=True)
 speech_recognizer = speech_sdk.SpeechRecognizer(speech_config, audio_config)
 print('Speak now...')

Now skip ahead to the Add code to process the transcribed command section below.

Alternatively, use audio input from a file

In the terminal window, enter the following command to install a library that you can use to play the audio file:

C#
```
 dotnet add package System.Windows.Extensions --version 4.6.0 
```
Python
```
 pip install playsound==1.3.0
```
In the code file for your program, under the existing namespace imports, add the following code to import the library you just installed:

C#
```
 using System.Media;
```
Python
```
 from playsound import playsound
```

In the Main function, note that the code uses the TranscribeCommand function to accept spoken input. Then in the TranscribeCommand function, under the comment Configure speech recognition, add the appropriate code below to create a SpeechRecognizer client that can be used to recognize and transcribe speech from an audio file:

 // Configure speech recognition
 string audioFile = "time.wav";
 SoundPlayer wavPlayer = new SoundPlayer(audioFile);
 wavPlayer.Play();
 using AudioConfig audioConfig = AudioConfig.FromWavFileInput(audioFile);
 using SpeechRecognizer speechRecognizer = new SpeechRecognizer(speechConfig, audioConfig);

Python

 # Configure speech recognition
 current_dir = os.getcwd()
 audioFile = current_dir + '\\time.wav'
 playsound(audioFile)
 audio_config = speech_sdk.AudioConfig(filename=audioFile)
 speech_recognizer = speech_sdk.SpeechRecognizer(speech_config, audio_config)

Add code to process the transcribed command

In the TranscribeCommand function, under the comment Process speech input, add the following code to listen for spoken input, being careful not to replace the code at the end of the function that returns the command:

 // Process speech input
 SpeechRecognitionResult speech = await speechRecognizer.RecognizeOnceAsync();
 if (speech.Reason == ResultReason.RecognizedSpeech)
 {
     command = speech.Text;
     Console.WriteLine(command);
 }
 else
 {
     Console.WriteLine(speech.Reason);
     if (speech.Reason == ResultReason.Canceled)
     {
         var cancellation = CancellationDetails.FromResult(speech);
         Console.WriteLine(cancellation.Reason);
         Console.WriteLine(cancellation.ErrorDetails);
     }
 }

Python

 # Process speech input
 speech = speech_recognizer.recognize_once_async().get()
 if speech.reason == speech_sdk.ResultReason.RecognizedSpeech:
     command = speech.text
     print(command)
 else:
     print(speech.reason)
     if speech.reason == speech_sdk.ResultReason.Canceled:
         cancellation = speech.cancellation_details
         print(cancellation.reason)
         print(cancellation.error_details)

Save your changes and return to the integrated terminal for the speaking-clock folder, and enter the following command to run the program:

C#
```
 dotnet run
```
Python
```
 python speaking-clock.py
```
If using a microphone, speak clearly and say “what time is it?”. The program should transcribe your spoken input and display the time (based on the local time of the computer where the code is running, which may not be the correct time where you are).

The SpeechRecognizer gives you around 5 seconds to speak. If it detects no spoken input, it produces a “No match” result.

If the SpeechRecognizer encounters an error, it produces a result of “Cancelled”. The code in the application will then display the error message. The most likely cause is an incorrect key or region in the configuration file.

Synthesize speech

Your speaking clock application accepts spoken input, but it doesn’t actually speak! Let’s fix that by adding code to synthesize speech.

In the Main function for your program, note that the code uses the TellTime function to tell the user the current time.

In the TellTime function, under the comment Configure speech synthesis, add the following code to create a SpeechSynthesizer client that can be used to generate spoken output:

 // Configure speech synthesis
 speechConfig.SpeechSynthesisVoiceName = "en-GB-RyanNeural";
 using SpeechSynthesizer speechSynthesizer = new SpeechSynthesizer(speechConfig);

Python

 # Configure speech synthesis
 speech_config.speech_synthesis_voice_name = "en-GB-RyanNeural"
 speech_synthesizer = speech_sdk.SpeechSynthesizer(speech_config)

[!NOTE] The default audio configuration uses the default system audio device for output, so you don’t need to explicitly provide an AudioConfig. If you need to redirect audio output to a file, you can use an AudioConfig with a filepath to do so.

In the TellTime function, under the comment Synthesize spoken output, add the following code to generate spoken output, being careful not to replace the code at the end of the function that prints the response:

 // Synthesize spoken output
 SpeechSynthesisResult speak = await speechSynthesizer.SpeakTextAsync(responseText);
 if (speak.Reason != ResultReason.SynthesizingAudioCompleted)
 {
     Console.WriteLine(speak.Reason);
 }

Python

 # Synthesize spoken output
 speak = speech_synthesizer.speak_text_async(response_text).get()
 if speak.reason != speech_sdk.ResultReason.SynthesizingAudioCompleted:
     print(speak.reason)

Save your changes and return to the integrated terminal for the speaking-clock folder, and enter the following command to run the program:

C#
```
 dotnet run
```
Python
```
 python speaking-clock.py
```
When prompted, speak clearly into the microphone and say “what time is it?”. The program should speak, telling you the time.

Use a different voice

Your speaking clock application uses a default voice, which you can change. The Speech service supports a range of standard voices as well as more human-like neural voices. You can also create custom voices.

Note: For a list of neural and standard voices, see Language and voice support in the Speech service documentation.

In the TellTime function, under the comment Configure speech synthesis, modify the code as follows to specify an alternative voice before creating the SpeechSynthesizer client:

 // Configure speech synthesis
 speechConfig.SpeechSynthesisVoiceName = "en-GB-LibbyNeural"; // change this
 using SpeechSynthesizer speechSynthesizer = new SpeechSynthesizer(speechConfig);

Python

 # Configure speech synthesis
 speech_config.speech_synthesis_voice_name = 'en-GB-LibbyNeural' # change this
 speech_synthesizer = speech_sdk.SpeechSynthesizer(speech_config)

Save your changes and return to the integrated terminal for the speaking-clock folder, and enter the following command to run the program:

C#
```
 dotnet run
```
Python
```
 python speaking-clock.py
```
When prompted, speak clearly into the microphone and say “what time is it?”. The program should speak in the specified voice, telling you the time.

Use Speech Synthesis Markup Language

Speech Synthesis Markup Language (SSML) enables you to customize the way your speech is synthesized using an XML-based format.

In the TellTime function, replace all of the current code under the comment Synthesize spoken output with the following code (leave the code under the comment Print the response):

 // Synthesize spoken output
 string responseSsml = $@"
     <speak version='1.0' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2001/10/synthesis' xml:lang='en-US'>
         <voice name='en-GB-LibbyNeural'>
             {responseText}
             <break strength='weak'/>
             Time to end this lab!
         </voice>
     </speak>";
 SpeechSynthesisResult speak = await speechSynthesizer.SpeakSsmlAsync(responseSsml);
 if (speak.Reason != ResultReason.SynthesizingAudioCompleted)
 {
     Console.WriteLine(speak.Reason);
 }

Python

 # Synthesize spoken output
 responseSsml = " \
     <speak version='1.0' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2001/10/synthesis' xml:lang='en-US'> \
         <voice name='en-GB-LibbyNeural'> \
             {} \
             <break strength='weak'/> \
             Time to end this lab! \
         </voice> \
     </speak>".format(response_text)
 speak = speech_synthesizer.speak_ssml_async(responseSsml).get()
 if speak.reason != speech_sdk.ResultReason.SynthesizingAudioCompleted:
     print(speak.reason)

Save your changes and return to the integrated terminal for the speaking-clock folder, and enter the following command to run the program:

C#
```
 dotnet run
```
Python
```
 python speaking-clock.py
```
When prompted, speak clearly into the microphone and say “what time is it?”. The program should speak in the voice that is specified in the SSML (overriding the voice specified in the SpeechConfig), telling you the time, and then after a pause telling you it’s time to end this lab - which it is!

More information

For more information about using the Speech-to-text and Text-to-speech APIs, see the Speech-to-text documentation and Text-to-speech documentation.